Darwin and von Humboldt

it0s unthinkable how mcuh damage did Darwin to the study of nature. Von Humboldt had just invented the field of ecology, but the study of this discipline,, i.e. the network of interrelationships among the organisms and the organisms and the nevironement, was superseded by the individualistic study of dispersal and competition. But Darwin of course is untouchable, not because, I believ, of his scientific achievmenet,s but because his description of nature is shaped not or only limitedld by the observation of the natural world, but by the observation of the hellish malthusian world of London in the 19th century, with his starving population and cruel exploitation. And this implicit support of the individualistic  concept of capitalism is liked by many,.